Ivan the Terrible – the name evokes the legend of a cruel and dangerously insane tyrant. Fearful Majesty explores that legend and exposes the man; his nature; and his time. This acclaimed biography of one of Russia’s most important and tyrannical rulers is not only a rich; readable biography; it is also surprisingly timely; revealing how many of the issues Russia faces today have their roots in Ivan’s reign. Ivan IV oversaw huge conquests of neighboring lands; the creation of a national church; and Russia’s emergence as a world power. Arrogant; handsome; a gifted orator and theologian; Ivan was well educated but cruel; profoundly egotistical yet cowardly; scarred by childhood terrors. He was also the Russian ruler whose policies first cast Russia in the role of “Evil Empire†to the West. Throughout his reign; Ivan’s unbalanced genius erupted in a tyranny so violent that it threatened to destroy his bloodline; his court; his church; his country. “A portrait of Ivan the Terrible as a figure of high tragedy rather than a madman or a villain. [A] lively... biography of one of the most paradoxical and terrifying figures in Russian history.†– The New York Times "The most objective and comprehensive analysis of Ivan which has ever appeared in English... A fresh interpretation..." – History Book Club News "It is seldom that the tsar's life and times have been delineated with as much style; felicity; skill; and sheer readability. Bobrick's biography is far superior to anything in this genre that had appeared for a long time." – Canadian-American Slavic Studies Updated Second Edition; with maps and illustrations.
#12056229 in Books 1999-05-01Original language:English #File Name: 1862270163328 pages
Review
11 of 12 people found the following review helpful. Galloping at publishingBy A CustomerIan Fletcher has established himself as a writer on various aspects of military history of the British Army in the Peninsular War. In "Galloping at Everything"; he promises to reinterpret the value of the British Cavalry and explode the myth about their lack of military value. However; this books is marred by numerous inconsistencies and selective referencing.For example; comparisons should be made with other contemporary mounted units; allies or enemies. However; the author states outright that he will not make comparisons with other contemporary mounted units Later; he contradicts himself by making some comparisons with the mounted units of the King's German Legion and the French cavalry.The author reanalyses the findings of earlier historians; notably Oman; Fortescue and Napier to reinterpret the role of the British cavalry. These three historians have apparently been at odds in interpreting the role of the British cavalry in the Peninsular war. Generally; Oman is on one side of the debate; with Fortescue and Napier on the other side.Mr Fletcher especially thinks that Oman has been the main villain in depicting the British Cavalry in a bad light by; misquoting Wellington (who also thinks likewise); highlighting their spectacular failures such as Campo Mayor and Maguilla; overlooking their spectacular successes such as Sahagun and ignoring other numerous tactical successes. Furthermore; by misinterpreting the true nature of some of these actions; Oman has painted the British cavalry as incompetent. The funny thing is that in some of these actions; it is Oman (not Fortescue) who thinks that the British cavalry performed well. Whatever their interpretations; throughout this book; Mr Fletcher picks on the more favourable interpretation of either historian to buttress his argument that the British cavalry was very successful in their tactical role.A blow-by-blow dissection of his inconsistencies would take up far too much space and I have condensed some of the main points below.The Introductory chapters take broad swipes at Oman's dominant interpretation of the British cavalry role and Wellington's dismissal of their military value. In Fletcher's opinion; there were only two overall brilliant commanders of British cavalry - Henry Paget and Gaspard Le Marchant; and Sir Stapleton Cotton was just an adequate commander who merely followed instructions from Wellington. To cite from the book directly "Cotton lacked the brilliance of Henry; Lord Paget". A few paragraphs down; the author repeats his assertion that the British cavalry was well led; this time however by three very good commanders - Paget; Le Marchant and Cotton. This contradicts the earlier analysis of Cotton's capability.The author apparently equates brilliance with flair and dash. For example; Robert Crafurd; Paget and Le Marchant were all brilliant. However; Crafurd was "prone to error of judgement and over enthusiasm" and Paget's abilities "have been called into question". That's brilliance?Further discussions on the relative merits of cavalry officers appear pointless. The British had a purchase system where they bought their way up the military hierarchy. But there is "no evidence to suggest that officers who bought their way up were inept". If there were any bad officers; "it probably says more about Wellington's inability to rid himself of inept officers". Now it's Wellington's fault if there are any bad officers."At Waterloo; the entire British cavalry corps could boast just one peer; thirteen sons of peers; seventeen sons of baronets; two knights; one son of a knight; one Italian prince; one Hanoverian baron and one son of a German countess. This is hardly what one might term an aristocratic assembly". Huh?Regarding deserters; "the problem was never a serious one; unlike in other armies". The author then cites probably the worst case army - the Portuguese. Why didn't he cite desertion rates for the French?Chapters on horse care; foraging and arms do not provide clear insights into issues that translate into tactical superiority for the British Cavalry. The author acknowledges that The King's German Legion was always considered better cavalry troops than the British regulars but he will not discuss the KGL further as he wants to focus on the British troops. And that is probably the weakest point of this section - the lack of direct comparison with contemporary units; allies or enemies. In addition; he cites almost exclusively from British primary and secondary sources which would allow a certain amount of nationalistic bias to creep into such selective referencing.Furthermore; the author thinks that both Paget and Le Marchant were brilliant innovators because they introduced new carbine and sabre models respectively to the British Cavalry. However; as these models were not universally adopted by the cavalry prior to an assessment of their performance; their tactical significance is not measurable except in anecdotal accounts.Regarding an assessment of the British cavalry in piquet and patrol work; the author states that "it is difficult to quantify the success of outpost and piquet operations" and later; "to assume that all other piquet operations were successful by the mere fact that nothing untoward ever occurred". This is a damning indictment of his bias and use of false logic to make his case.Later; "At the risk of appearing to be selective; the following incidents demonstrate how good Wellington's cavalry were on patrol". The rest of the book continues on in similar fashion.He also has this irritating habit of repeating facts and statements ad nauseum throughout the book. There are a lot of non-sequitar arguments in this book.Ultimately; what Fletcher is arguing for is that the British cavalry was well mounted; but lacked control. They could dominate their French counterparts on many occasions and could lose just as badly. Their commanders were good; and not so good. Thus; there is nothing new here; merely a poor attempt at reassessment of the immutable facts.The British cavalry was really too small in numbers and many of their tactical successes were not readily converted into strategic successes. Thus they were insignificant by comparison to the strategic value of the French cavalry (Ulm being the greatest example).
