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Six Covenants of the Prophet Muhammad with the Christians of His Time: The Primary Documents

PDF Six Covenants of the Prophet Muhammad with the Christians of His Time: The Primary Documents by Muhammad ibn 'Abd Allah; John Andrew Morrow in History

Description

Why do weak states resist threats of force from the United States; especially when history shows that this superpower carries out its ultimatums? Cheap Threats upends conventional notions of power politics and challenges assumptions about the use of compellent military threats in international politics.Drawing on an original dataset of US compellence from 1945 to 2007 and four in-depth case studies―the Cuban Missile Crisis; the 2011 confrontation with Libya; and the 1991 and 2003 showdowns with Iraq―Dianne Pfundstein Chamberlain finds that US compellent threats often fail because threatening and using force became comparatively "cheap" for the United States after the Cold War. Becoming the world's only superpower and adopting a new light-footprint model of war; which relied heavily on airpower and now drones; have reduced the political; economic; and human costs that US policymakers face when they go to war. Paradoxically; this lower-cost model of war has cheapened US threats and fails to signal to opponents that the United States is resolved to bear the high costs of a protracted conflict. The result: small states gamble; often unwisely; that the United States will move on to a new target before achieving its goals.Cheap Threats resets the bar for scholars and planners grappling with questions of state resolve; hegemonic stability; effective coercion; and other issues pertinent in this new era of US warfighting and diplomacy.


#1186903 in Books 2015-02-11Original language:EnglishPDF # 1 8.00 x .19 x 5.25l; .20 #File Name: 162138002576 pages


Review
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful. Proof Muhammad adored Christians!!By Lover of HumanityThese documents are genuine no doubt about it and what they show is the exact opposite of what a corrupt; biased and untruthful press is saying.. Namely that Muhammad adored Christians and these Edicts are proof of it. Just read them and you will see all the lies about Muhammad fully exposed as fraudulent and deliberate misinformation by some to get you to hate Islam.You read this and then you can see what kind of man Muhammad really was and what He really taught.He said anyone who mistreated the Christians He Himself would denounce as a liar and disown him as a Muslim. And there's so much more you just have to read this to really know how kind and loving Muhammad truly was.0 of 0 people found the following review helpful. Five StarsBy Saed Kulaynilove it1 of 1 people found the following review helpful. With so many negatives reports about Islam and Muslims killing ...By ZeeWith so many negatives reports about Islam and Muslims killing Christians and Jews; this book brings to light that actual treatment that non-Muslims are supposed to receive from Islamic governments. Even the actual infidels (those non considered people of the scriptures) are not to be treated inhumanely and Muslims can only fight/execute them IF they have attacked first. Even then; Islam provides so many restrictions on how they need to be treated. This also shows that the current cults of ISIS and Wahabbism (Taliban; al-Qaeda;etc) are NOT practicing what Islam commands. The authors of this book need to be highly commended--especially Dr. John Morrow as he continued with another book on his own. Until Christians and Jews see the truth in Islam and not rely on the media reports; there will never be justice or peace. To the authors--great job for bringing what should have been known already..to the public eye.

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